{"id":59,"date":"2024-05-18T15:24:44","date_gmt":"2024-05-18T13:24:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/?p=59"},"modified":"2024-07-21T00:48:32","modified_gmt":"2024-07-20T22:48:32","slug":"argan-tree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/argan-tree\/","title":{"rendered":"ARGAN TREE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/plantes-medicinales\/arganier\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\" src=\"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/france_flags_flag_8995.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-721\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Sapotaceae are, in general, plants from the tropical regions.<br>Some are useful species :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sapote and sapodilla (genus Pouteria and Sapota (or Achras)), two fruits typical of tropical America and the Caribbean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The West Indian caimite (genus Chrysophyllum), small astringent fruit, stomachic and antidiabetic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In Africa, two sapotaceae, the shea tree and the argan tree ,ARGANIA SPINOSA (ARGAN OIL), are particularly important trees.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Both protect the soil from erosion and desertification and provide oleaginous fruits at the base of a small local industry (shea butter and argan oil).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/argan-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-63\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/argan-2.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/argan-2-300x257.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The argan tree, Argania spinosa, is mainly found in southwestern Morocco, it is a surviving species of a time when this part of the world was much more humid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The argan forest covers about 800 000 hectares in the Atlantic part of the Rif and in the plain of Souss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ARGAN tree, with its highly developed root system associated with mycorrhizae, is able to survive in conditions of chronic drought and on poor, stony, often uncultivable soils.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the Moroccan agronomists the argan tree is irreplaceable to fight against the soil degradation and the progressive desertification of the south of Morocco.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately the argan tree is inexorably destroyed by humans: uncontrolled cutting to make charcoal or firewood, deforestation and grubbing to develop industrial crops, overgrazing by herds of goats that climb in the trees to eat leaves and fruits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The argan tree is a very thorny tree, with often a twisted trunk, its light green foliage is abundant but falls in times of serious drought, its fruits, green then brown look like small olives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The fruit contains a hard, light brown core, which contains several flattened almonds.<br>ARGAN TREE AND ARGAN OIL COSMETIC AND DIETARY OIL FOR SKIN AND HEALTH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The argan leaves are rich in phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins with anti-inflammatory properties and scavengers of free radicals.<br>The leaves contain very little essential oil (0.03 to 0.05%). &#8211;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All other parts of the tree, including fruits, contain saponins (saponosides), which have recently been extensively studied by a Franco-Moroccan team.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of these saponins have been shown to be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>antifungals at concentrations between 12.5 and 50 micrograms per ml of culture medium,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>molluscicides against Biomphalaria glabrata,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>antalgic and anti-inflammatory probably by altering or inhibiting the release of cytokines and leukotrienes that are primarily responsible for the inflammatory response and accompanying pain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The acute toxicity of each type of saponin has not been determined, but overall, in rats or mice, the oral LD50 would be 1.3 g \/ kg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chronic toxicity: 200 to 300 mg \/ kg and per day, for 3 months, cause disorders of blood glucose and disruption of renal function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The argan tree is best known for the argan oil extracted from the core of its fruit. The almonds contains about 50% fat, extractable by pressure (sometimes after light roasting in the traditional method ).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Simplified composition of argan oil, according to the Targanine cooperative website (targanine.com), in comparison with olive oil:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>palmitic acid 12 to 13% (7.5 to 20% olive oil),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stearic acid 5 to 7% (olive oil 1 to 3%),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>43 to 49% oleic acid (56 to 85% olive oil),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>linoleic acid 29 to 36% (olive oil 3.5 to 20%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>0.5 to 1% unsaponifiable (120 to 130 mg of sterols, 60 to 90 mg of tocopherols per 100 g of oil, triterpene alcohols 130 to 180 mg per 100 g of oil)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Argan oil does not contain saponins but the extraction cake contains about 0.5%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Saponins of the argan oil extraction cake have interesting properties from a cosmetological point of view: antioxidant, protection against ultraviolet B, anti-acne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"268\" src=\"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/argan.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-62\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/argan.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/argan-300x230.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>USES<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The argan tree is a tree with multiple uses :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Its wood is of good quality and resistant (partly thanks to the saponins that it contains (6%)),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>leaves and fruits of the argan is a good food for goats, sheep and camels,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the fruit kernel provides argan oil, food grade and cosmetic,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the argan oil extraction cake is suitable as a feed for cattle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Argan oil is traditionally extracted after lightly roasting the almonds, it then has a nutty taste and an amber color.<br>Because of its fatty acid composition, argan oil is a high-quality dietary oil, which now finds its place in international fine dining.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Argan oil, extra virgin, extracted cold (without kernel roasting) is a skin protector, which softens the skin, prevents drying of the skin.<br>The content of vitamin E (tocopherol) of argan oil can be used to better fight against free radicals, which are responsible for the aging of the epidermis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the past ten years, Moroccan women (mainly Berbers) have joined forces in cooperatives (Targanine cooperatives) to extract and market argan oil in a community fashion. It is a socio-economic success; women share the money equitably, thus freeing themselves from the oppressive tutelage of their husbands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Moroccan authorities, including the king, are encouraging the action of these Berber women by encouraging the creation of new cooperatives and argan oil extraction units.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"312\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/argan-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-64\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/argan-3.jpg 312w, https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/argan-3-208x300.jpg 208w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 312px) 100vw, 312px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Food grade or cosmetic grade argan oil is readily available on the market. Moroccan cooperatives also directly sell this argan oil and products that contain it.<br>There are many cosmetic preparations containing argan oil (protection of the skin, skin care in general and more particularly for dry and damaged skin, moisturizing creams).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The saponins of the argan tree are not yet, to my knowledge, used in phytomedicine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ABSTRACT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ARGAN TREE MEDICINAL and USEFUL<br>The argan tree of Morocco is a tree with many uses.<br>it is a tree endemic to the arid zones of southwestern Morocco.<br>Its foliage and fruits are used as fodder for goats and sheep.<br>The fruit almonds contain a dietetic and cosmetic quality oil, which is extracted and marketed in women&rsquo;s cooperatives.<br>Almost all parts of the argan tree contain saponins with interesting pharmacological properties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Copyright 2019 : Dr Jean-Michel Hurtel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You are on www.phytomania.com<br>French site dedicated to medicinal plants and essential oils<br>PHYTOTHERAPY, AROMATHERAPY, MEDICINAL PLANTS, ESSENTIAL OILS<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sapotaceae are, in general, plants from the tropical regions.Some are useful species : Both protect the soil from erosion and desertification and provide oleaginous fruits at the base of a small local industry (shea butter and argan oil). The argan tree, Argania spinosa, is mainly found in southwestern Morocco, it is a surviving species of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,40,38,37,17,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-african-medicinal-plant","category-african-tree","category-cosmetic-oil","category-dietary-oil","category-medicinal-tree","category-skin-protection","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":779,"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions\/779"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phytomania.com\/herbal-medicine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}